SOURCES · TERMS CHECKED 9 OCTOBER 2026

Data Sources & Credits

This site combines published crop statistics, modeled weather, satellite products, crop maps and map backgrounds. A map layer is evidence for its named measure; it does not by itself confirm crop damage, current planted area or harvested yield.

Paid-service rights are not cleared for every input. MapSPAM is published for non-commercial use, FAOSTAT has an additional restriction on promoting commercial services, and the free Open-Meteo API is non-commercial. Some international NOAA station records also carry redistribution limits. Calendar and selected pilot-data terms remain unverified. Read the full license audit and required actions.

Some source-specific commercial terms remain UNVERIFIED in the repository audit.

Crop estimates and official statistics

IFPRI SPAM 2020 v2r2 · modeled crop area and regional starting yield

Dataset · terms. The publisher lists CC BY-NC 3.0; this source is not cleared for a paid service.

International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), 2025, “Global Spatially-Disaggregated Crop Production Statistics Data for 2020 Version 2.0.0”, https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/SWPENT, Harvard Dataverse, V2.

FAOSTAT · national millet yield, area and production history

FAO database terms. CC BY 4.0 is subject to additional FAO terms restricting use to promote commercial services; written permission or a replacement source is needed before paid use.

FAO. 2025. FAOSTAT: Crops and livestock products, Millet yield. Accessed on 09 October 2026. FAOSTAT normalized bulk data. Licence: CC-BY-4.0.

USDA Foreign Agricultural Service PSD · production outlook and yield history

PSD portal. The specific PSD commercial terms have not been confirmed. USDA is not endorsing Millet.coop analysis.

Source: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service Production, Supply and Distribution (PSD), millet, commodity 0459100. Estimates are USDA source data; Millet.coop analysis is independent and not endorsed by USDA.

USDA NASS, USDA FSA and AAFC · North American crop evidence

Sources include USDA Cropland Data Layer, NASS citation guidance, FSA digital rights, and AAFC Annual Crop Inventory. AAFC data use the Open Government Licence – Canada.

U. S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service (USDA NASS). · U. S. Department of Agriculture, Farm Service Agency (USDA FSA). · Contains information licensed under the Open Government Licence – Canada from Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC).

Weather and satellite data

NASA POWER · daily weather and modeled root-zone wetness

Daily Point API · NASA POWER citation guide · NASA data-use policy.

The data was obtained from National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Langley Research Center's Prediction Of Worldwide Energy Resources (POWER) project funded through the NASA Earth Science Division.

NOAA STAR Blended VHP · weekly vegetation health and greenness

Weekly archive · product disclaimer. NOAA describes this as experimental, not an operational product.

NOAA / NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR), Blended Vegetation Health Product (VHP). Experimental product; not an official operational NOAA product.

CHIRPS v3 · district rainfall evidence (experimental)

Climate Hazards Center data page · CC BY 4.0. The weekly refresh checks the newest pentad only. CHIRPS covers 60°S–60°N; the displayed as-of date and stale status are part of the estimate. District crop weights use MapSPAM and remain research-only.

Climate Hazards Center Infrared Precipitation with Stations version 3 (CHIRPS3) Data Repository: https://doi.org/10.15780/G2JQ0P (2025). Data accessed 10 October 2026. See also Funk et al. (2026), The Climate Hazards Center Infrared Precipitation with Stations, Version 3, Scientific Data 13, 718, doi:10.1038/s41597-026-07096-4. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Modified by Millet.coop.

Copernicus ERA5 · historical weather context

ERA5 dataset · ECMWF attribution guide. Credit the product and describe changes.

ECMWF Reanalysis data (ERA5), © European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), 2026, retrieved via the Copernicus Climate Data Store. Licensed under CC-BY-4.0.

NASA GIBS · map imagery layers

Map options include NASA product imagery for MODIS Terra NDVI and land-surface temperature, SMAP moisture/snow/soil temperature, and GPM IMERG precipitation. GIBS layer catalog · NASA data-use policy. Product-specific terms apply where stated.

NASA Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS). Credit NASA and the named layer/product shown in the map legend. NASA does not endorse this site.

Open-Meteo · historical map/reference weather

Terms · commercial API plans and attribution. The free API is non-commercial; a commercial plan is needed for a paid service.

Weather data by Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0). Credit upstream providers when specified and indicate modifications.

NOAA GHCN-Daily and Iowa Environmental Mesonet · optional station context

NOAA GHCN-Daily · GHCN data notes · IEM disclaimer. Some international NOAA station records have use restrictions; IEM commercial terms are not confirmed.

NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Global Historical Climatology Network Daily (GHCN-Daily). · Iowa Environmental Mesonet, Iowa State University. Data quality and commercial redistribution terms vary by source.

Calendars and research-only layers

Crop calendars · SAGE, FAO, JRC ASAP and USDA FAS

Inputs/references include SAGE Crop Calendar, FAO Crop Calendar, JRC ASAP, and USDA FAS Crop Explorer. Some specific commercial reuse terms are unverified; no calendar source should be assumed cleared for paid use.

Calendar source citations: Sacks, W.J., D. Deryng, J.A. Foley, and N. Ramankutty (2010), “Crop planting dates: an analysis of global patterns,” Global Ecology and Biogeography 19, 607–620, doi:10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00551.x. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), ASAP crop calendar, national/sub-national dataset; accessed 09 October 2026. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (USDA FAS), calendar title and edition as cited in the source record.

Esri / Impact Observatory 10 m annual land cover · research pilot only

Esri Land Cover · Impact Observatory terms. CC BY 4.0; not a model-v1 yield input.

Impact Observatory, Microsoft, and Esri, 10m Annual Land Use Land Cover (9-class), 2017–2025, class 5 Crops. Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Sampled/modified by Millet.coop.

ESA CCI Land Cover · research pilot only

Dataset license. Commercial promotional layouts require attribution and prior layout approval; other paid product uses are unverified.

ORNL DAAC / NASA MODIS MOD13Q1 NDVI · research pilot only

ORNL TESViS citation guide. Cite both the subsetting tool and the specific product/DOI. Product-specific commercial terms have not been confirmed.

ORNL DAAC MODIS Subsetting and Visualization Tool (TESViS); MODIS MOD13Q1 product. Cite the product DOI and tool version specified by ORNL for each result.

Fields of The World · research pilot only

Global predicted fields state CC BY 4.0. The benchmark collection has mixed source-country licenses; the exact queried benchmark partitions need separate clearance.

Fields of The World (FTW), Global Field Boundaries (2024/2025), CC BY 4.0. Source Cooperative; produced by Taylor Geospatial. Modified/clipped by Millet.coop. Benchmark-derived country records require their own provider-specific credit.

Map backgrounds and boundaries

OpenStreetMap map tiles

OpenStreetMap copyright and ODbL · tile usage policy. Commercial use is allowed under ODbL with attribution; altered database contents may have share-alike obligations. The public tile service has usage limits and no service guarantee.

Administrative borders · geoBoundaries

geoBoundaries ADM1/ADM2 outlines are used for state, province and district borders. Original source license and represented year vary by country and are recorded in the boundary source manifest; these outlines are not crop-field boundaries. ADM2 excludes CHE and ESP by configuration. Libya uses the geoBoundaries gbHumanitarian ADM2 source (CC BY 3.0 IGO) because the gbOpen ADM2 source is unavailable. Moldova has ADM1 but no geoBoundaries ADM2 source; district outlines are unavailable there.

Administrative boundaries: geoBoundaries; country-source licensing varies. Libya ADM2 source: UNITAR-UNOSAT, Libyan Bureau of Statistics, WFP, Global Logistics Cluster and IOM via HDX; CC BY 3.0 IGO. See the linked manifest for country-level source and license details.

ESA WorldCover 2021 · map overlay

Tiles from the public Terrascope WMTS are requested only for the selected map area, at 60% opacity. The WMTS style cannot isolate class 40, so the full categorical 10 m land-cover palette is shown; the legend identifies class 40 (cropland) in its official pink color. Overlay is clipped to the selected country/state/district boundary. Terrascope WMTS · ESA WorldCover data and terms · CC BY 4.0.

geoBoundaries gbOpen ADM3 · experimental sub-district outlines

Per-country files and original source licenses are recorded in the boundary source manifest. Only sources with an identified open license are included. Countries without ADM2 parent boundaries are unavailable at ADM3. District support and yields are inherited by largest-overlap parent ADM2; sub-district crop placement and rainfall have not been independently measured.

Administrative boundaries: geoBoundaries gbOpen ADM3; source country, license, year, URL and retrieval date are listed per country in the manifest. Modifications: geometry simplified, parent-linked and displayed by Millet.coop. Follow each recorded source license and attribution.

Natural Earth boundaries

Public-domain terms. Commercial use permitted; attribution is optional.

Made with Natural Earth.

The full source-to-file inventory, checked terms, unresolved rights and paid-service actions are recorded in the project compliance audit. “Research pilot only” means the material is present in research scripts/results but is not an input to the locked model-v1 yield estimate.